Hijra Pride Flag

Hijra share both a long culture and a gender identity. Across South Asia, hijra live together in small groups, guided by a guru. Hijras include trans women, intersex and other gender non-conforming people.

Hindu and Muslim religions recognize them but also ostracize them. However India, Nepal, Pakistan and Bangladesh offer ‘third gender’ – neither male or female – passports to hijras.

The flag combines both gender and spiritual symbolism. So: ‘Pink and blue are for those of us [hijras] who identify with binary genders as trans people, while the white is for those of us who are nonbinary, the red represents the divinity we were blessed with by [Hindu god] Rama.’

Tris Reid-Smith/GSN

What Does It Mean to Be Hijra?

Hijra refers to a distinct cultural and gender identity found primarily in South Asia, including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Hijras are often considered a “third gender” and may include transgender, intersex, or non-binary individuals. Historically and culturally, hijras hold unique social and spiritual roles, such as blessing ceremonies and participating in traditional rituals. Despite their cultural significance, hijras often face social stigma and discrimination. Their identity is deeply rooted in their region’s history and traditions, making it unique from Western understandings of gender diversity.